Fatty Liver
Fatty liver is caused by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver. Usually the liver stores fats and breaks it down as and when required, but extremely high amounts of fat in the liver hampers its efficient functioning leading to a condition called fatty liver.
The liver keeps on working even if there is a fat build-up and won’t show signs of damage during the initial stages, but as the disease progresses, it might get worse and cause serious damage to the liver, known as liver cirrhosis.
What is Liver Cirrhosis? Click here to know more.
What are the types of Fatty Liver Disease?
There are two types of fatty liver diseases, namely Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: As the name suggests, Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is caused due to excessive alcohol consumption. Most of the alcohol is broken down by the liver which causes toxins and free radicals giving rise to inflammation. The more alcohol more is the damage caused. Once the breakdown is affected, fats start depositing in the liver which initially would have been broken down and utilized in the body. This accumulation of fat may further cause fibrosis of the liver cells and cause irreversible damage, also called liver cirrhosis.
- Non–Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Non – Alcoholic Fatty Liver disease is when there is an accumulation of fat in the liver but no signs of fibrosis or damage. The exact cause of this disease is not yet known.
Steatohepatitis is a condition that causes fat accumulation in the liver, due to which the liver gets inflamed and injures the liver cells leading to fibrosis and later on, cirrhosis of the liver. This occurs in both Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as well as Non – Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
What are the causes of Fatty Liver Disease?
The main cause of Fatty liver disease is a bad lifestyle. A high level of fat in the Liver might also be associated with serious chronic diseases like heart problems, high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney problems, and more lifestyle disorders.
Here are some of the most common causes that may lead to a fatty liver:
- Obesity
- People having Type 2 Diabetes
- Consumption of a high-fat diet
- Heavy alcohol consumption
- Genetic Risk
- Poor diet with limited nutrition
- Chronic infections and inflammations
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Environmental toxins exposure
- Use of certain medication
What are the symptoms of Fatty Liver Disease?
Generally, Fatty liver shows certain symptoms before it develops and starts scarring the liver cells. The most common symptoms of Fatty Liver are:
- Pain in the right side of the abdomen
- Tiredness and Fatigue
- Sudden weight-loss
- Weakness
- Dark urine
- Pale stools
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Easy bruising
- Jaundice
Although these symptoms can be very easily misinterpreted as other disorders, these should not be neglected as it might be a way your liver is communicating with you that it needs attention.
Liver diseases show very similar symptoms which need urgent treatment before it turns fatal.
Know more about other Liver Diseases here.
What are the stages of Fatty Liver Disease?
Fatty liver develops in 4 stages, each one causing more harm than the previous stage. These are:
- Stage 1 – Simple Fatty Liver: The condition in which fat starts getting accumulated in the liver causing no fibrosis or damage to the liver.
- Stage 2 – Steatohepatitis: Steatohepatitis causes fat accumulation in liver along with inflammation that scars the liver cells.
- Stage 3 – Fibrosis: Fibrosis of the liver occurs when the inflammation of the liver is continuously scarring the liver cells that may also damage the nearby blood vessels.
- Stage 4 – Cirrhosis: After the fibrosis, the liver shrinks due to extreme inflammation and scars. This liver damage is permanent and can further escalate to serious liver disease like liver cancer and in extreme cases cause liver failure.
Even though, it will take several years to develop fibrosis or cirrhosis from fatty liver and is very difficult to be completely reversed, taking proper care of your liver with simple modifications in lifestyle can help you in the long run.
How to treat Fatty Liver Disease?
Fatty Liver can be easily reversed if detected at the initial stage when the liver cells are not yet inflamed or bruised indicating that the damage is not yet progressed. But if the condition progresses into fibrosis and later into cirrhosis, putting a stop to it becomes difficult but it is possible.
This can be done by modifying the following activities which include:
- Consuming a healthy and well-balanced diet
- Limiting processed foods
- Avoiding alcohol and cigarette consumption
- Regular exercising
And in general, avoid eating or doing anything that is harmful to your liver.
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