Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a viral infection caused by Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) that mainly affects the liver and disrupts its daily functions. It causes inflammation of the liver by scarring the liver tissues causing damage that may lead to severe illnesses. Hepatitis A Virus affects everyone from young children to adults of all age groups.
Almost everyone recovers from Hepatitis A infection but a few cases have also reported liver failure due to prolonged HAV infection. The good thing is, an immediate occurrence of liver failure is very low since HAV infection is an acute viral disease and lasts for only a couple of months.
The infection may relapse, meaning the person recovered from HAV infection might get infected again with a more severe impact if not treated with proper medication.
The best way to avoid HAV infection is to practice hygiene, check food and water before consumption, staying away from infected person. But the best measure is to get vaccinated against HAV.
Is Hepatitis A Virus infection common?
Yes, Hepatitis A is common in countries like India where it is rising alarmingly among poor and homeless people.
Most of the people are infected during birth having life-long immunity against HAV, but can spread it to others having low immunity or are unvaccinated against HAV.
Who is at risk of developing Hepatitis A?
Everyone.
Children are the first ones to be easily infected with HAV and can spread the disease without knowing they have been infected.
Generally, HAV is mild in children with infection subsiding over a couple of months with proper medication. However, it is not the same in adults. The fatality of the infection is often seen in older adults.
Adults show major symptoms of HAV infection and may lead to severe liver disorders if not checked and treated on time.
A majority of times children are asymptomatic, that is, they do not show any symptoms of having Hepatitis A Virus infection, thus putting their parents and care takers at risk of infection if they have low immunity or are not vaccinated against HAV.
How does Hepatitis A Virus spread?
Hepatitis A can be spread through the following reasons -
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Direct contact with an HAV-infected person
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Direct contact with an infected individual’s feces (poop)
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HAV-infected water and food
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Poor sanitary practices
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Sexual intercourse with an infected person
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Through individuals who use illegal drugs
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Homeless people
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Sex between men
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Travelers to and from countries where HAV infection is common
What are the symptoms of Hepatitis A?
Hepatitis A infection does not show any distinguishing symptoms, but does show certain small changes in the body that are a sign of an infection of Hepatitis A. These are:
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Feeling tired all the time
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General feeling of being unwell
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Joint and muscle pain
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Loss of appetite
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Raised temperature
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Fever
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Nausea
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Vomiting
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Pain in the abdomen
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Dark yellow urine
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Pale stools
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Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)
What can help against Hepatitis A Virus infection?
At present, there is no treatment for Hepatitis A infection and the symptoms may take months to subside. In certain cases, the chances of HAV infection relapsing are recorded that causes the infected person weaker. In older age group, the risk of liver failure is high.
In conditions like this, it is advised to take proper rest and practice safe and hygienic activities to reduce the infection rate.
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